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thunk    音标拼音: [θ'ʌnk]
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thunk
n 1: a dull hollow sound; "the basketball made a thunk as it hit
the rim"

/thuhnk/ 1. "A piece of coding which provides an
address", according to P. Z. Ingerman, who invented thunks in
1961 as a way of binding {actual parameters} to their formal
definitions in {ALGOL 60} {procedure} calls. If a procedure
is called with an expression in the place of a {formal
parameter}, the compiler generates a thunk which computes the
expression and leaves the address of the result in some
standard location.

2. The term was later generalised to mean an expression,
frozen together with its {environment} (variable values), for
later evaluation if and when needed (similar to a
"{closure}"). The process of unfreezing these thunks is
called "forcing".

3. A {stubroutine}, in an {overlay} programming environment,
that loads and jumps to the correct overlay.

Compare {trampoline}.

There are a couple of onomatopoeic myths circulating about the
origin of this term. The most common is that it is the sound
made by data hitting the {stack}; another holds that the sound
is that of the data hitting an {accumulator}. Yet another
suggests that it is the sound of the expression being unfrozen
at argument-evaluation time. In fact, according to the
inventors, it was coined after they realised (in the wee hours
after hours of discussion) that the type of an argument in
{ALGOL 60} could be figured out in advance with a little
{compile-time} thought, simplifying the evaluation machinery.
In other words, it had "already been thought of"; thus it was
christened a "thunk", which is "the past tense of "think" at
two in the morning".

4. ({Microsoft Windows} programming) {universal thunk},
{generic thunk}, {flat thunk}.

[{Jargon File}]

(1997-10-11)


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