synagogue 音标拼音: [s'ɪnəg
, ɔg]
n . 犹太人集会,犹太教会堂
犹太人集会,犹太教会堂
synagogue n 1 : (
Judaism )
the place of worship for a Jewish congregation [
synonym : {
synagogue }, {
temple }, {
tabernacle }]
Synagogue \
Syn "
a *
gogue \,
n . [
F .,
from L .
synagoga ,
Gr . ?
a bringing together ,
an assembly ,
a synagogue ,
fr . ?
to bring together ;
sy `
n with ?
to lead .
See {
Syn -},
and {
Agent }.]
1 .
A congregation or assembly of Jews met for the purpose of worship ,
or the performance of religious rites .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The building or place appropriated to the religious worship of the Jews .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
The council of ,
probably ,
120 members among the Jews ,
first appointed after the return from the Babylonish captivity ; --
called also the {
Great Synagogue },
and sometimes ,
though erroneously ,
the {
Sanhedrin }.
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
A congregation in the early Christian church .
[
1913 Webster ]
My brethren , . . .
if there come into your synagogue a man with a gold ring . --
James ii .
1 ,
2 (
Rev .
Ver .).
[
1913 Webster ]
5 .
Any assembly of men . [
Obs .
or R .] --
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
Synagogue (
Gr .
sunagoge ,
i .
e ., "
an assembly "),
found only once in the Authorized Version of Ps .
74 :
8 ,
where the margin of Revised Version has "
places of assembly ,"
which is probably correct ;
for while the origin of synagogues is unknown ,
it may well be supposed that buildings or tents for the accommodation of worshippers may have existed in the land from an early time ,
and thus the system of synagogues would be gradually developed .
Some ,
however ,
are of opinion that it was specially during the Babylonian captivity that the system of synagogue worship ,
if not actually introduced ,
was at least reorganized on a systematic plan (
Ezek .
8 :
1 ;
14 :
1 ).
The exiles gathered together for the reading of the law and the prophets as they had opportunity ,
and after their return synagogues were established all over the land (
Ezra 8 :
15 ;
Neh .
8 :
2 ).
In after years ,
when the Jews were dispersed abroad ,
wherever they went they erected synagogues and kept up the stated services of worship (
Acts 9 :
20 ;
13 :
5 ;
17 :
1 ;
17 :
17 ;
18 :
4 ).
The form and internal arrangements of the synagogue would greatly depend on the wealth of the Jews who erected it ,
and on the place where it was built .
"
Yet there are certain traditional pecularities which have doubtless united together by a common resemblance the Jewish synagogues of all ages and countries .
The arrangements for the women '
s place in a separate gallery or behind a partition of lattice -
work ;
the desk in the centre ,
where the reader ,
like Ezra in ancient days ,
from his '
pulpit of wood ,'
may '
open the book in the sight of all of people and read in the book of the law of God distinctly ,
and give the sense ,
and cause them to understand the reading ' (
Neh .
8 :
4 ,
8 );
the carefully closed ark on the side of the building nearest to Jerusalem ,
for the preservation of the rolls or manuscripts of the law ;
the seats all round the building ,
whence '
the eyes of all them that are in the synagogue '
may '
be fastened '
on him who speaks (
Luke 4 :
20 );
the '
chief seats ' (
Matt .
23 :
6 )
which were appropriated to the '
ruler '
or '
rulers '
of the synagogue ,
according as its organization may have been more or less complete ;",
these were features common to all the synagogues .
Where perfected into a system ,
the services of the synagogue ,
which were at the same hours as those of the temple ,
consisted ,
(
1 )
of prayer ,
which formed a kind of liturgy ,
there were in all eighteen prayers ; (
2 )
the reading of the Scriptures in certain definite portions ;
and (
3 )
the exposition of the portions read .
(
See Luke 4 :
15 ,
22 ;
Acts 13 :
14 .)
The synagogue was also sometimes used as a court of judicature ,
in which the rulers presided (
Matt .
10 :
17 ;
Mark 5 :
22 ;
Luke 12 :
11 ;
21 :
12 ;
Acts 13 :
15 ;
22 :
19 );
also as public schools .
The establishment of synagogues wherever the Jews were found in sufficient numbers helped greatly to keep alive Israel '
s hope of the coming of the Messiah ,
and to prepare the way for the spread of the gospel in other lands .
The worship of the Christian Church was afterwards modelled after that of the synagogue .
Christ and his disciples frequently taught in the synagogues (
Matt .
13 :
54 ;
Mark 6 :
2 ;
John 18 :
20 ;
Acts 13 :
5 ,
15 ,
44 ;
14 :
1 ;
17 :
2 -
4 ,
10 ,
17 ;
18 :
4 ,
26 ;
19 :
8 ).
To be "
put out of the synagogue ,"
a phrase used by John (
9 :
22 ;
12 :
42 ;
16 :
2 ),
means to be excommunicated .
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