semiconductor 音标拼音: [s
, ɛmikənd'ʌktɚ] [s
, ɛmɪkənd'ʌktɚ] [s
, ɛmɑɪkənd'ʌktɚ]
n . 半导体
半导体
semiconductor 浮动栅金属氧化物半导体
FGMOS
semiconductor 金属-氮化物-氧化物-半导体
MNOS
semiconductor 金氧半导体;金属氧化物半导体
MOS
semiconductor 金属-铝-半导体
MAS
semiconductor 金属-绝缘体-半导体
MIS
semiconductor 半导体
SC semiconductor 半导体
semiconductor n 1 :
a substance as germanium or silicon whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator ;
its conductivity increases with temperature and in the presence of impurities [
synonym : {
semiconductor },
{
semiconducting material }]
2 :
a conductor made with semiconducting material [
synonym :
{
semiconductor device }, {
semiconductor unit },
{
semiconductor }]
A material , typically crystaline , which allows
current } to flow under certain circumstances . Common
semiconductors are silicon , germanium , gallium arsenide .
Semiconductors are used to make {diodes }, {transistors } and
other basic "solid state " electronic components .
As crystals of these materials are grown , they are "doped "
with traces of other elements called {donors } or {acceptors }
to make regions which are n - or p -type respectively for the
electron model } or p - or n -type under the {hole model }.
Where n and p type regions adjoin , a junction is formed which
will pass {current } in one direction (from p to n ) but not the
other , giving a {diode }.
One {model } of semiconductor behaviour describes the doping
elements as having either {free electrons } or {holes } dangling
at the points in the crystal lattice where the doping elements
replace one of the atoms of the foundation material . When
external electrons are applied to n -type material (which
already has free electrons present ) the repulsive force of
like charges causes the free electrons to migrate toward the
junction , where they are attracted to the holes in the p -type
material . Thus the junction conducts current .
In contrast , when external electrons are applied to p -type
material , the attraction of unlike charges causes the holes to
migrate away from the junction and toward the source of
external electrons . The junction thus becomes "depleted " of
its charge carriers and is non -conducting .
1995 -10 -04 )
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