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nitrocellulose    音标拼音: [n,ɑɪtros'ɛljəl,os]
n. 硝化纤维

硝化纤维

nitrocellulose
n 1: a nitric acid ester; used in lacquers and explosives [synonym:
{cellulose nitrate}, {nitrocellulose}, {guncotton},
{nitrocotton}]

Gun \Gun\ (g[u^]n), n. [OE. gonne, gunne; of uncertain origin;
cf. Ir., Gael., & LL. gunna, W. gum; possibly (like cannon)
fr. L. canna reed, tube; or abbreviated fr. OF. mangonnel, E.
mangonel, a machine for hurling stones.]
1. A weapon which throws or propels a missile to a distance;
any firearm or instrument for throwing projectiles,
consisting of a tube or barrel closed at one end, in which
the projectile is placed, with an explosive charge (such
as guncotton or gunpowder) behind, which is ignited by
various means. Pistols, rifles, carbines, muskets, and
fowling pieces are smaller guns, for hand use, and are
called {small arms}. Larger guns are called {cannon},
{ordnance}, {fieldpieces}, {carronades}, {howitzers}, etc.
See these terms in the Vocabulary.
[1913 Webster]

As swift as a pellet out of a gunne
When fire is in the powder runne. --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

The word gun was in use in England for an engine to
cast a thing from a man long before there was any
gunpowder found out. --Selden.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Mil.) A piece of heavy ordnance; in a restricted sense, a
cannon.
[1913 Webster]

3. pl. (Naut.) Violent blasts of wind.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Guns are classified, according to their construction or
manner of loading as {rifled} or {smoothbore},
{breech-loading} or {muzzle-loading}, {cast} or
{built-up guns}; or according to their use, as {field},
{mountain}, {prairie}, {seacoast}, and {siege guns}.
[1913 Webster]

{Armstrong gun}, a wrought iron breech-loading cannon named
after its English inventor, Sir William Armstrong.

{Big gun} or {Great gun}, a piece of heavy ordnance; hence
(Fig.), a person superior in any way; as, bring in the big
guns to tackle the problem.

{Gun barrel}, the barrel or tube of a gun.

{Gun carriage}, the carriage on which a gun is mounted or
moved.

{Gun cotton} (Chem.), a general name for a series of
explosive nitric ethers of cellulose, obtained by steeping
cotton in nitric and sulphuric acids. Although there are
formed substances containing nitric acid radicals, yet the
results exactly resemble ordinary cotton in appearance. It
burns without ash, with explosion if confined, but quietly
and harmlessly if free and open, and in small quantity.
Specifically, the lower nitrates of cellulose which are
insoluble in ether and alcohol in distinction from the
highest (pyroxylin) which is soluble. See {Pyroxylin}, and
cf. {Xyloidin}. The gun cottons are used for blasting and
somewhat in gunnery: for making celluloid when compounded
with camphor; and the soluble variety (pyroxylin) for
making collodion. See {Celluloid}, and {Collodion}. Gun
cotton is frequenty but improperly called
{nitrocellulose}. It is not a nitro compound, but an ester
of nitric acid.

{Gun deck}. See under {Deck}.

{Gun fire}, the time at which the morning or the evening gun
is fired.

{Gun metal}, a bronze, ordinarily composed of nine parts of
copper and one of tin, used for cannon, etc. The name is
also given to certain strong mixtures of cast iron.

{Gun port} (Naut.), an opening in a ship through which a
cannon's muzzle is run out for firing.

{Gun tackle} (Naut.), the blocks and pulleys affixed to the
side of a ship, by which a gun carriage is run to and from
the gun port.

{Gun tackle purchase} (Naut.), a tackle composed of two
single blocks and a fall. --Totten.

{Krupp gun}, a wrought steel breech-loading cannon, named
after its German inventor, Herr Krupp.

{Machine gun}, a breech-loading gun or a group of such guns,
mounted on a carriage or other holder, and having a
reservoir containing cartridges which are loaded into the
gun or guns and fired in rapid succession. In earlier
models, such as the {Gatling gun}, the cartridges were
loaded by machinery operated by turning a crank. In modern
versions the loading of cartidges is accomplished by
levers operated by the recoil of the explosion driving the
bullet, or by the pressure of gas within the barrel.
Several hundred shots can be fired in a minute by such
weapons, with accurate aim. The {Gatling gun}, {Gardner
gun}, {Hotchkiss gun}, and {Nordenfelt gun}, named for
their inventors, and the French {mitrailleuse}, are
machine guns.

{To blow great guns} (Naut.), to blow a gale. See {Gun}, n.,
3.
[1913 Webster PJC]


Nitrocellulose \Ni`tro*cel"lu*lose`\, n. [Nitro- cellulose.]
(Chem.)
See {Gun cotton}, under {Gun}.
[1913 Webster]


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  • Nitrocellulose - Wikipedia
    Nitrocellulose (also known as cellulose nitrate, flash paper, flash cotton, guncotton, pyroxylin and flash string, depending on form) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cellulose through exposure to a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid
  • Nitrocellulose | Explosive, Fire-Retardant Coating Uses . . .
    Nitrocellulose, a mixture of nitric esters of cellulose, and a highly flammable compound that is the main ingredient of modern gunpowder and is also employed in certain lacquers and paints
  • All About Nitrocellulose: Manufacturing Process, Applications
    Nitrocellulose is commonly used in explosives, coatings, inks, and medical applications due to its unique properties In summary, cellulose is the natural, unmodified polymer found in plants, while nitrocellulose is a modified form of cellulose obtained through the nitration process
  • Nitrocellulose Group
    The Nitrocellulose Group produce and supply industrial nitrocellulose in both Dense Form and Fibrous Form Latest News Activities Nobel NC committed to Sustaiability Future 25 May 2025
  • Everything You Need to Know About Nitrocellulose: From . . .
    Nitrocellulose is a fascinating material that has played a pivotal role in various industries for over a century Derived from cellulose, nitrocellulose is a highly versatile compound used in adhesives, coatings, explosives, and even medical applications
  • Nitrocellulose | 9004-70-0 - ChemicalBook
    Nitrocellulose (CAS 9004-70-0) information, including chemical properties, structure, melting point, boiling point, density, formula, molecular weight, uses, prices, suppliers, SDS and more, available at Chemicalbook
  • Structure and properties of nitrocellulose: approaching 200 . . .
    This review brings together almost 200 years of research on the structure of nitrocellulose to give an overview covering its production from cellulose through to application in composite materials such as propellants or biomedical tests





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