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cybernetics    
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cybernetics
n 1: (biology) the field of science concerned with processes of
communication and control (especially the comparison of
these processes in biological and artificial systems)

49 Moby Thesaurus words for "cybernetics":
aerobiology, agrobiology, anatomy, astrobiology,
automatic electronics, autonetics, bacteriology, biochemics,
biochemistry, biochemy, bioecology, biological science, biology,
biometrics, biometry, bionics, bionomics, biophysics, botany,
cell physiology, circuit analysis, communication theory,
cryobiology, cytology, ecology, electrobiology, embryology,
enzymology, ethnobiology, exobiology, genetics, gnotobiotics,
information theory, life science, microbiology, molecular biology,
pharmacology, physiology, radio control, radiobiology,
servo engineering, servomechanics, system engineering,
systems analysis, systems planning, taxonomy, virology,
xenobiology, zoology

/si:`b*-net'iks/ The study of control and
communication in living and man-made systems.

The term was first proposed by {Norbert Wiener} in the book
referenced below. Originally, cybernetics drew upon
electrical engineering, mathematics, biology, neurophysiology,
anthropology, and psychology to study and describe actions,
feedback, and response in systems of all kinds. It aims to
understand the similarities and differences in internal
workings of organic and machine processes and, by formulating
abstract concepts common to all systems, to understand their
behaviour.

Modern "second-order cybernetics" places emphasis on how the
process of constructing models of the systems is influenced by
those very systems, hence an elegant definition - "applied
epistemology".

Related recent developments (often referred to as {sciences of
complexity}) that are distinguished as separate disciplines
are {artificial intelligence}, {neural networks}, {systems
theory}, and {chaos theory}, but the boundaries between those
and cybernetics proper are not precise.

See also {robot}.

{The Cybernetics Society (http://cybsoc.org)} of the UK.

{American Society for Cybernetics
(http://asc-cybernetics.org/)}.

{IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society
(http://isye.gatech.edu/ieee-smc/)}.

{International project "Principia Cybernetica"
(http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/DEFAULT.html)}.

{Usenet} newsgroup: {sci.systems (news:sci.systems)}.

["Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the
machine", N. Wiener, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1948]

(2002-01-01)


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  • Cybernetics - Wikipedia
    This was especially so in the development of second-order cybernetics (or the cybernetics of cybernetics), developed and promoted by Heinz von Foerster, which focused on questions of observation, cognition, epistemology, and ethics
  • Cybernetics | Definition Facts | Britannica
    Cybernetics, control theory as it is applied to complex systems Cybernetics is associated with models in which a monitor compares what is happening to a system at various sampling times with some standard of what should be happening, and a controller adjusts the system’s behavior accordingly
  • What Is Cybernetics? The Science of Feedback and Control
    Cybernetics is the science of communication and control in both living organisms and machines Coined as a formal discipline by MIT mathematician Norbert Wiener in 1948, the field centers on one powerful idea: that systems of all kinds, whether biological, mechanical, or social, regulate themselves through feedback
  • Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine . . .
    With the influential book Cybernetics, first published in 1948, Norbert Wiener laid the theoretical foundations for the multidisciplinary field of cybernetics, the study of controlling the flow of information in systems with feedback loops, be they biological, mechanical, cognitive, or social
  • Cybernetics - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
    Cybernetics is the scientific study and mathematical modeling of regulation and control in systems, focusing on the flow of information and how it is used by the system to control itself It has applications in various fields such as biocybernetics, artificial intelligence, robotics, and systems science
  • Cybernetics - New World Encyclopedia
    Cybernetics is the interdisciplinary study of the structure of complex systems, especially communication processes, control mechanisms, and feedback principles This field is closely related to control theory and systems theory
  • Cybernetics: The Science of Communication Control in Systems
    Cybernetics, a science centered on communication and control in systems, is key to understanding how both living beings and machines operate, adapt, and maintain balance
  • What is cybernetics? A crash course in cybernetics and why it matters
    Put simply, cybernetics looks at the intended and unintended consequences of technology for people and the planet It aims to ensure humans and the environment are at the forefront of technological innovation and that new systems are safe in a changing world
  • Cybernetics - MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Cybernetics is the study of human machine interaction guided by the principle that numerous different types of systems can be studied according to principles of feedback, control, and communications
  • Definitions - American Society for Cybernetics (ASC)
    Cybernetics is defined as the science of communication and control It maps the pathways of information by which systems may either be regulated from outside, or regulate themselves from within





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