aurum 音标拼音: ['ɔrəm]
n . 金
金
Gold \
Gold \ (
g [=
o ]
ld ),
n . [
AS .
gold ;
akin to D .
goud ,
OS . &
G .
gold ,
Icel .
gull ,
Sw . &
Dan .
guld ,
Goth .
gul [
thorn ],
Russ . &
OSlav .
zlato ;
prob .
akin to E .
yellow . [
root ]
49 ,
234 .
See {
Yellow },
and cf . {
Gild },
v .
t .]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 . (
Chem .)
A metallic element of atomic number 79 ,
constituting the most precious metal used as a common commercial medium of exchange .
It has a characteristic yellow color ,
is one of the heaviest substances known (
specific gravity 19 .
32 ),
is soft ,
and very malleable and ductile .
It is quite unalterable by heat (
melting point 1064 .
4 [
deg ]
C ),
moisture ,
and most corrosive agents ,
and therefore well suited for its use in coin and jewelry .
Symbol Au ({
Aurum }).
Atomic weight 196 .
97 .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Native gold contains usually eight to ten per cent of silver ,
but often much more .
As the amount of silver increases ,
the color becomes whiter and the specific gravity lower .
Gold is very widely disseminated ,
as in the sands of many rivers ,
but in very small quantity .
It usually occurs in quartz veins (
gold quartz ),
in slate and metamorphic rocks ,
or in sand and alluvial soil ,
resulting from the disintegration of such rocks .
It also occurs associated with other metallic substances ,
as in auriferous pyrites ,
and is combined with tellurium in the minerals petzite ,
calaverite ,
sylvanite ,
etc .
Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use ,
and is hardened by alloying with silver and copper ,
the latter giving a characteristic reddish tinge . [
See {
Carat }.]
Gold also finds use in gold foil ,
in the pigment purple of Cassius ,
and in the chloride ,
which is used as a toning agent in photography .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Money ;
riches ;
wealth .
[
1913 Webster ]
For me ,
the gold of France did not seduce . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
A yellow color ,
like that of the metal ;
as ,
a flower tipped with gold .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
Figuratively ,
something precious or pure ;
as ,
hearts of gold . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Age of gold }.
See {
Golden age },
under {
Golden }.
{
Dutch gold }, {
Fool '
s gold }, {
Gold dust },
etc .
See under {
Dutch }, {
Dust },
etc .
{
Gold amalgam },
a mineral ,
found in Columbia and California ,
composed of gold and mercury .
{
Gold beater },
one whose occupation is to beat gold into gold leaf .
{
Gold beater '
s skin },
the prepared outside membrane of the large intestine of the ox ,
used for separating the leaves of metal during the process of gold -
beating .
{
Gold beetle } (
Zool .),
any small gold -
colored beetle of the family {
Chrysomelid [
ae ]}; --
called also {
golden beetle }.
{
Gold blocking },
printing with gold leaf ,
as upon a book cover ,
by means of an engraved block . --
Knight .
{
Gold cloth }.
See {
Cloth of gold },
under {
Cloth }.
{
Gold Coast },
a part of the coast of Guinea ,
in West Africa .
{
Gold cradle }. (
Mining )
See {
Cradle },
n .,
7 .
{
Gold diggings },
the places ,
or region ,
where gold is found by digging in sand and gravel from which it is separated by washing .
{
Gold end },
a fragment of broken gold or jewelry .
{
Gold -
end man }.
(
a )
A buyer of old gold or jewelry .
(
b )
A goldsmith '
s apprentice .
(
c )
An itinerant jeweler . "
I know him not :
he looks like a gold -
end man ." --
B .
Jonson .
{
Gold fever },
a popular mania for gold hunting .
{
Gold field },
a region in which are deposits of gold .
{
Gold finder }.
(
a )
One who finds gold .
(
b )
One who empties privies . [
Obs . &
Low ] --
Swift .
{
Gold flower },
a composite plant with dry and persistent yellow radiating involucral scales ,
the {
Helichrysum St [
oe ]
chas }
of Southern Europe .
There are many South African species of the same genus .
{
Gold foil },
thin sheets of gold ,
as used by dentists and others .
See {
Gold leaf }.
{
Gold knobs }
or {
Gold knoppes } (
Bot .),
buttercups .
{
Gold lace },
a kind of lace ,
made of gold thread .
{
Gold latten },
a thin plate of gold or gilded metal .
{
Gold leaf },
gold beaten into a film of extreme thinness ,
and used for gilding ,
etc .
It is much thinner than gold foil .
{
Gold lode } (
Mining ),
a gold vein .
{
Gold mine },
a place where gold is obtained by mining operations ,
as distinguished from diggings ,
where it is extracted by washing .
Cf . {
Gold diggings } (
above ).
{
Gold nugget },
a lump of gold as found in gold mining or digging ; --
called also a {
pepito }.
{
Gold paint }.
See {
Gold shell }.
{
Gold pheasant },
or {
Golden pheasant }. (
Zool .)
See under {
Pheasant }.
{
Gold plate },
a general name for vessels ,
dishes ,
cups ,
spoons ,
etc .,
made of gold .
{
Mosaic gold }.
See under {
Mosaic }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Aurum \
Au "
rum \,
n . [
L .]
Gold .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Aurum fulminans } (?).
See {
Fulminate }.
{
Aurum mosaicum } (?).
See {
Mosaic }.
[
1913 Webster ]
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