polarization 音标拼音: [p
, olɚəz'eʃən] [p
, olɚɪz'eʃən]
n . 产生极性;极光
产生极性;极光
polarization 极化;偏极化
P polarization 极化
polarization n 1 :
the phenomenon in which waves of light or other radiation are restricted in direction of vibration [
synonym :
{
polarization }, {
polarisation }]
2 :
the condition of having or giving polarity [
synonym :
{
polarization }, {
polarisation }]
Polarization \
Po `
lar *
i *
za "
tion \,
n . [
Cf .
F .
polarisation .]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
The act of polarizing ;
the state of being polarized ,
or of having polarity .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 . (
Opt .)
A peculiar affection or condition of the rays of light or heat ,
in consequence of which they exhibit different properties in different directions .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
If a beam of light ,
which has been reflected from a plate of unsilvered glass at an angle of about 56 [
deg ],
be received upon a second plate of glass similar to the former ,
and at the same angle of incidence ,
the light will be readily reflected when the two planes of incidence are parallel to each other ,
but will not be reflected when the two planes of incidence are perpendicular to each other .
The light has ,
therefore ,
acquired new properties by reflection from the first plate of glass ,
and is called polarized light ,
while the modification which the light has experienced by this reflection is called polarization .
The plane in which the beam of light is reflected from the first mirror is called the plane of polarization .
The angle of polarization is the angle at which a beam of light must be reflected ,
in order that the polarization may be the most complete .
The term polarization was derived from the theory of emission ,
and it was conceived that each luminous molecule has two poles analogous to the poles of a magnet ;
but this view is not now held .
According to the undulatory theory ,
ordinary light is produced by vibrations transverse or perpendicular to the direction of the ray ,
and distributed as to show no distinction as to any particular direction .
But when ,
by any means ,
these ,
vibrations are made to take place in one plane ,
the light is said to be plane polarized .
If only a portion of the vibrations lie in one plane the ray is said to be partially polarized .
Light may be polarized by several methods other than by reflection ,
as by refraction through most crystalline media ,
or by being transmitted obliquely through several plates of glass with parallel faces .
If a beam of polarized light be transmitted through a crystal of quartz in the direction of its axis ,
the plane of polarization will be changed by an angle proportional to the thickness of the crystal .
This phenomenon is called rotatory polarization .
A beam of light reflected from a metallic surface ,
or from glass surfaces under certain peculiar conditions ,
acquires properties still more complex ,
its vibrations being no longer rectilinear ,
but circular ,
or elliptical .
This phenomenon is called circular or elliptical polarization .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Elec .)
An effect produced upon the plates of a voltaic battery ,
or the electrodes in an electrolytic cell ,
by the deposition upon them of the gases liberated by the action of the current .
It is chiefly due to the hydrogen ,
and results in an increase of the resistance ,
and the setting up of an opposing electro -
motive force ,
both of which tend materially to weaken the current of the battery ,
or that passing through the cell .
[
1913 Webster ]
46 Moby Thesaurus words for "
polarization ":
N pole ,
S pole ,
agreement to disagree ,
anteposition ,
antigravity ,
antithesis ,
centrifugal force ,
confrontation ,
confrontment ,
contention ,
contraposition ,
contrariety ,
contrast ,
cross -
purposes ,
diamagnetism ,
difference ,
difference of opinion ,
difficulty ,
disaffinity ,
disagreement ,
disparity ,
dividedness ,
division ,
hostility ,
magnetic axis ,
magnetic pole ,
magnetic repulsion ,
misunderstanding ,
mutual repulsion ,
negative pole ,
north pole ,
odds ,
opposing ,
opposition ,
opposure ,
polar opposition ,
polarity ,
pole ,
posing against ,
positive pole ,
repellence ,
repellency ,
repelling ,
repulsion ,
south pole ,
variance
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