material 音标拼音: [mət'ɪriəl]
n . 材料,物资,素材,布料,资料
a . 物质的,肉体的,具体的
材料,物资,素材,布料,资料物质的,肉体的,具体的
material 材料;教材;物质;资料
material 材料 实质
material adj 1 :
concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests ;
"
material possessions "; "
material wealth "; "
material comforts "
2 :
derived from or composed of matter ; "
the material universe "
[
ant : {
immaterial }, {
nonmaterial }]
3 :
directly relevant to a matter especially a law case ; "
his support made a material difference "; "
evidence material to the issue at hand "; "
facts likely to influence the judgment are called material facts "; "
a material witness " [
ant :
{
immaterial }]
4 :
concerned with or affecting physical as distinct from intellectual or psychological well -
being ; "
material needs ";
"
the moral and material welfare of all good citizens "-
T .
Roosevelt 5 :
having material or physical form or substance ; "
that which is created is of necessity corporeal and visible and tangible " -
Benjamin Jowett [
synonym : {
corporeal }, {
material }] [
ant :
{
immaterial }, {
incorporeal }]
6 :
having substance or capable of being treated as fact ;
not imaginary ; "
the substantial world "; "
a mere dream ,
neither substantial nor practical "; "
most ponderous and substantial things "-
Shakespeare [
synonym : {
substantial }, {
real }, {
material }]
[
ant : {
insubstantial }, {
unreal }, {
unsubstantial }]
n 1 :
the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object ; "
coal is a hard black material "; "
wheat is the stuff they use to make bread " [
synonym : {
material },
{
stuff }]
2 :
information (
data or ideas or observations )
that can be used or reworked into a finished form ; "
the archives provided rich material for a definitive biography "
3 :
artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers ; "
the fabric in the curtains was light and semitransparent "; "
woven cloth originated in Mesopotamia around 5000 BC "; "
she measured off enough material for a dress " [
synonym : {
fabric }, {
cloth }, {
material },
{
textile }]
4 :
things needed for doing or making something ; "
writing materials "; "
useful teaching materials "
5 :
a person judged suitable for admission or employment ; "
he was university material "; "
she was vice -
presidential material "
Material \
Ma *
te "
ri *
al \,
a . [
L .
materialis ,
fr .
materia stuff ,
matter :
cf .
F .
mat ['
e ]
riel .
See {
Matter },
and cf .
{
Mat ['
e ]
riel }.]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
Consisting of matter ;
not spiritual ;
corporeal ;
physical ;
as ,
material substance or bodies .
[
1913 Webster ]
The material elements of the universe . --
Whewell .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Hence :
Pertaining to ,
or affecting ,
the physical nature of man ,
as distinguished from the {
mental }
or {
moral }
nature ;
relating to the bodily wants ,
interests ,
and comforts ;
as ,
material well -
being ;
material comforts .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Of solid or weighty character ;
not insubstantial ;
of consequence ;
not be dispensed with ;
important ;
significant .
[
1913 Webster ]
Discourse ,
which was always material ,
never trifling . --
Evelyn .
[
1913 Webster ]
I shall ,
in the account of simple ideas ,
set down only such as are most material to our present purpose . --
Locke .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 . (
Logic .)
Pertaining to the matter ,
as opposed to the form ,
of a thing .
See {
Matter }.
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Material cause }.
See under {
Cause }.
{
Material evidence } (
Law ),
evidence which conduces to the proof or disproof of a relevant hypothesis . --
Wharton .
[
1913 Webster ]
Syn :
Corporeal ;
bodily ;
important ;
weighty ;
momentous ;
essential .
[
1913 Webster ]
Material \
Ma *
te "
ri *
al \,
v .
t .
To form from matter ;
to materialize . [
Obs .] --
Sir T .
Browne .
[
1913 Webster ]
Material \
Ma *
te "
ri *
al \,
n .
The substance or matter of which anything is made or may be made .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Raw material },
any crude ,
unfinished ,
or elementary materials that are adapted to use only by processes of skilled labor .
Cotton ,
wool ,
ore ,
logs ,
etc .,
are raw material .
[
1913 Webster ]
384 Moby Thesaurus words for "
material ":
Adamic ,
Circean ,
Formica ,
Masonite ,
Philistine ,
a propos ,
ab ovo ,
absolute ,
abundance ,
accumulation ,
actual ,
ad rem ,
adducible ,
admissible ,
air ,
amassment ,
animal ,
animalistic ,
apparatus ,
appertaining ,
applicable ,
applying ,
apposite ,
appreciable ,
appropriate ,
apropos ,
asphalt ,
atom ,
atomic particles ,
atoms ,
attestative ,
attestive ,
authentic ,
backlog ,
ballpoint pen ,
basal ,
based on ,
basic ,
beastlike ,
beastly ,
bedrock ,
being ,
belonging ,
bestial ,
bibliography ,
big ,
big -
league ,
big -
name ,
big -
time ,
bigwig ,
bigwigged ,
blackboard ,
blacktop ,
bodily ,
body of knowledge ,
body of learning ,
brick ,
brutal ,
brute ,
brute matter ,
brutish ,
budget ,
building block ,
canvas ,
cardinal ,
carnal ,
carnal -
minded ,
carpeting ,
central ,
certain ,
chalk ,
chemical element ,
circumstantial ,
clapboard ,
cloth ,
coarse ,
cobblestone ,
collection ,
commissariat ,
commissary ,
component ,
components ,
conclusive ,
concrete ,
consequential ,
considerable ,
constituent ,
constituents ,
constitutive ,
convincing ,
core ,
cork tile ,
cornucopia ,
corporal ,
corporeal ,
crayon ,
cumulation ,
cumulative ,
cyclopedia ,
damning ,
data ,
decisive ,
determinative ,
distillate ,
distillation ,
documentary ,
documentation ,
documented ,
documents ,
double -
barreled ,
drapery ,
dump ,
earth ,
earthly ,
earthshaking ,
earthy ,
element ,
elemental ,
elementary ,
elementary particle ,
elementary unit ,
elements ,
elixir ,
encyclopedia ,
entity ,
equipment ,
eraser ,
essence ,
essential ,
etoffe ,
evidential ,
evidentiary ,
ex parte ,
eye -
witness ,
fabric ,
facts ,
factual ,
fallen ,
felt ,
fiber glass ,
figures ,
final ,
fire ,
firsthand ,
flag ,
flagging ,
flagstone ,
fleshly ,
flooring ,
focal ,
founded on ,
fundamental ,
fundamental particle ,
gear ,
germane ,
gist ,
goods ,
grand ,
great ,
gross ,
grounded on ,
gut ,
habiliments ,
heap ,
hearsay ,
heart ,
heavyweight ,
high -
powered ,
hoard ,
hyle ,
hylic ,
hypostasis ,
implicit ,
important ,
in point ,
incontrovertible ,
indicative ,
indispensable ,
indisputable ,
individual ,
information ,
ingredient ,
ink ,
inkhorn ,
inkstand ,
inkwell ,
inventory ,
invisible ink ,
involving ,
irrefutable ,
irresistible ,
kernel ,
lace ,
lapsed ,
larder ,
lay ,
lead pencil ,
life -
and -
death ,
life -
or -
death ,
linoleum ,
literature ,
lore ,
macadam ,
machinery ,
major ,
marrow ,
mass ,
material world ,
materialistic ,
materiality ,
materials ,
materiate ,
materiel ,
matter ,
meaningful ,
means ,
meat ,
medium ,
molecule ,
momentous ,
monad ,
mundane ,
munitions ,
name ,
napery ,
natural world ,
nature ,
nib ,
nonspiritual ,
notes ,
nub ,
nuncupative ,
object ,
objective ,
of the essence ,
of vital importance ,
orgiastic ,
original ,
outfit ,
overwhelming ,
palpable ,
pantile ,
paper ,
papers ,
paraphernalia ,
parquet ,
pavement ,
pavestone ,
paving ,
pen ,
perceptible ,
pertaining ,
pertinent ,
phenomenal ,
physical ,
physical world ,
pile ,
pith ,
plasterboard ,
plenitude ,
plenty ,
plenum ,
plume ,
plywood ,
ponderable ,
postlapsarian ,
presumptive ,
primal ,
primary ,
primitive ,
probative ,
provisionment ,
provisions ,
publications ,
quill ,
quintessence ,
radical ,
rag ,
rations ,
real ,
reed ,
relevant ,
reliable ,
repertoire ,
repertory ,
research ,
resources ,
rick ,
roofage ,
roofing ,
roofing paper ,
sap ,
secular ,
self -
important ,
sensible ,
sensual ,
serious ,
shake ,
sheathing board ,
sheeting ,
shingle ,
siding ,
significant ,
silk ,
slate ,
solid ,
somatic ,
soul ,
spirit ,
spun glass ,
stack ,
statistics ,
stencil ,
stock ,
stock -
in -
trade ,
stockpile ,
stone ,
store ,
store of knowledge ,
stores ,
stuff ,
style ,
stylograph ,
stylus ,
substance ,
substantial ,
substantive ,
substratum ,
suggestive ,
sum and substance ,
superior ,
supplies ,
supply on hand ,
sure ,
swinish ,
sympathetic ink ,
symptomatic ,
system of knowledge ,
table ,
tablet ,
tackle ,
tackling ,
tangible ,
tar paper ,
telling ,
temporal ,
terrestrial ,
textile ,
textile fabric ,
texture ,
thatch ,
the four elements ,
tile ,
tilestone ,
tiling ,
tissu ,
tissue ,
to the point ,
to the purpose ,
treasure ,
treasury ,
treasury of information ,
true ,
underlying ,
unit of being ,
unspiritual ,
valid ,
veneer ,
vital ,
wainscoting ,
wallboard ,
walling ,
wallpaper ,
water ,
weatherboard ,
weave ,
web ,
weft ,
weighty ,
wood ,
woof ,
wool ,
world -
shaking ,
worldly MATERIALS .
Everything of which anything is made .
2 .
When materials are furnished to a workman he is bound to use them according to his contract ,
as a tailor is bound to employ the cloth I furnish him with ,
to make me a coat that shall fit me ,
for if he so make it that I cannot wear it ,
it is not a proper employment of the materials .
But if the undertaker use ordinary skill and care ,
he will not be responsible ,
although the materials may be injured ;
as ,
if a gem be delivered to a jeweler ,
and it is broken without any unskillfulness ,
negligence or rashness of the artisan ,
he will not be liable .
Poth .
Louage ,
n .
428 .
3 .
The workman is to use ordinary diligence in the care of the materials entrusted with him ,
or to exercise that caution which a prudent man takes of his own affairs ,
and he is also bound to preserve them from any unexpected danger to which they may be exposed .
1 Gow .
R .
30 ;
1 Camp .
138 .
4 .
When there is no special contract between the parties ,
and the materials perish while in the possession of the workman or undertaker ,
without his default ,
either by inevitable casualty ,
by internal defect ,
by superior force ,
by robbery or by any peril not guarded against by ordinary diligence ,
he is not responsible .
This is the case only when the material belongs to the employer and the workman only undertakes to put his work upon it .
But a distinction must be observed in the case when the employer has engaged a workman to make him an article out of his own materials ,
for in that case the employer has no property in it ,
until the work be completed ,
and the article be delivered to him ;
if ,
in the mean time ,
the thing perishes ,
it is the loss of the workman ,
who is wholly its owner ,
according to the maxim res perit domino .
In the former case the employer is the owner ;
in the latter the workman ;
in the first case it is a bailment ,
in the second a sale of the thing in futuro .
Domat .
B .
1 ,
t .
4 ,
Sec .
7 ,
n .
3 ;
Id .
B .
1 ,
t .
4 ,
Sec .
8 ,
n .
10 .
5 .
Another distinction must be made in the case when the thing given by the employer was to become the property of the workman ,
and an article was to be made out of similar materials ,
and before its completion it perished .
In this case the title to the thing having passed to the workman ,
the loss must be his .
1 Blackf .
353 ;
7 Cowen ,
752 ,
756 ,
note ;
21 Wend .
85 ;
3 Mason ,
478 ;
Dig .
19 ,
2 ,
31 ;
1 Bouv .
Inst .
1006 -
7 .
6 .
In some of the states by their laws persons who furnish materials for the construction of a building ,
have a lien against such building for the payment of the value of such materials .
See Lien of Mechanics .
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