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recursion    
递归,循环

递归,循环

recursion
递回

recursion
n 1: (mathematics) an expression such that each term is
generated by repeating a particular mathematical operation

Recursion \Re*cur"sion\ (-sh?n), n. [L. recursio. See {Recur}.]
The act of recurring; return. [Obs.] --Boyle.
[1913 Webster]

When a {function} (or {procedure})
calls itself. Such a function is called "recursive". If the
call is via one or more other functions then this group of
functions are called "mutually recursive".

If a function will always call itself, however it is called,
then it will never terminate. Usually however, it first
performs some test on its arguments to check for a "base case"
- a condition under which it can return a value without
calling itself.

The {canonical} example of a recursive function is
{factorial}:

factorial 0 = 1
factorial n = n * factorial (n-1)

{Functional programming languages} rely heavily on recursion,
using it where a {procedural language} would use {iteration}.

See also {recursion}, {recursive definition}, {tail recursion}.

[{Jargon File}]

(1996-05-11)


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