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  • Computer Virus - Encyclopedia. com
    Computer Virus As with other computer-based applications, forensic science can be compromised by agents that alter or disable computers, such as computer viruses A computer virus is a program or segment of executable computer code that is designed to reproduce itself in computer memory and, sometimes, to damage data Viruses are generally short programs; they may either stand alone or be
  • Virus | Encyclopedia. com
    Virus Structure of viruses Viral infection Types of viruses Resources A virus is a small, infectious agent that consists of a core of genetic material (either deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA] or ribonucleic acid [RNA]) surrounded by a shell of protein Viruses cause disease by infecting a host cell and commandeering the host cell ’ s synthetic capabilities to produce more viruses The newly made
  • The Discovery of Viruses - Encyclopedia. com
    The Discovery of VirusesOverviewBy the late nineteenth century, the work of Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) and other scientists had established the germ theory of disease and identified the bacteria that caused many ailments Source for information on The Discovery of Viruses: Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery dictionary
  • Evolutionary Origin of Bacteria and Viruses - Encyclopedia. com
    Evolutionary origin of bacteria and viruses Earth formed between 4 5 and 6 billion years ago Conditions initially remained inhospitable for the potential development of life By about 3 0 billion years ago, however, an atmosphere that contained the appropriate blend of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen allowed life to commence
  • Microbiology - Encyclopedia. com
    Microbiology is a broad field that includes the study of viruses as well as microscopic organisms found in all kingdoms of life: plants, animals, protists, fungi, and bacteria Some microbiologists specialize in one type of microorganism For example, bacteriologists concentrate on bacteria and virologists study viruses
  • Communicable Diseases | Encyclopedia. com
    Communicable diseases A communicable disease is any disease that can be transmitted from one organism to another Agents that cause communicable diseases, called pathogens, are easily spread by direct or indirect contact These pathogens include viruses, bacteria, fungi , and parasites Some pathogens make toxins that harm the body's organs Others actually destroy cells Some can impair the
  • Penicillin | Encyclopedia. com
    Penicillins do not act on viruses in the same way they do on bacteria, so they are not effective against viral diseases, such as the flu or the common cold Interesting Facts The discovery of penicillin's antibacterial action came at just the right time: the onset of World War II The new drug made possible the saving of untold numbers of lives
  • Bacteria - Encyclopedia. com
    Bacteria Bacteria are mostly unicellular organisms that lack chlorophyll and are among the smallest living things on earth—only viruses are smaller Multiplying rapidly under favorable conditions, bacteria can aggregate into colonies of millions or even billions of organisms within a space as small as a drop of water The Dutch merchant and amateur scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the
  • Biological Warfare - Encyclopedia. com
    Biological weapons include pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and biological toxins Of particular concern are genetically altered microorganisms, which are engineered to target a specific group of people Early History of Biological Warfare Examples of the use of biological weapons exist in ancient records





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