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  • Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease - PMC
    The pathogenesis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is multifactorial, involving transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and other lower oesophageal sphincter pressure abnormalities As a result, reflux of acid, bile, pepsin and pancreatic enzymes occurs, leading to oesophageal mucosal injury
  • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease
    The acid pocket provides a reservoir of acid available to reflux when the intrinsic sphincter fails Central obesity is an important factor in the aetiology of reflux and does this by the increased abdomino-thoracic pressure gradient inducing hiatus hernia and increasing the rate of flow of reflux when sphincter opens
  • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease
    Gastric pepsin duodenal contents exacerbate the action of acid and deleterious effect on the production of esophagitis The antireflux barriers include two "sphincter" mechanisms: the lower
  • Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: implications for . . .
    Following the trajectory of reflux, the failure of the antireflux barrier, primarily the lower oesophageal sphincter and the crural diaphragm, enables the refluxate to reach the oesophageal lumen, triggering oesophageal or extra-oesophageal symptoms
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) | Concise Medical . . . - Lecturio
    Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux (GERD): Left image (normal): The LES, a structure at the gastroesophageal junction, maintains a high-pressure zone between the esophagus and the stomach This prevents the reflux of gastric contents
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment . . .
    This textbook offers a state-of-the-art description of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Although GERD is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, its diagnosis and management are often challenging
  • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: new understanding . . .
    Moreover, multiple mechanisms influence the perception of GERD symptoms, such as the acidity of the refluxate, its proximal extent, the presence of gas in the refluxate, duodenogastroesophageal reflux, longitudinal muscle contraction, mucosal integrity, and peripheral and central sensitization
  • Pathophysiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
    Antireflux mechanisms include the lower esophageal sphincter and abdominal esophagus, the diaphragm, the angle of His, the Gubaroff valve, and the phrenoesophageal membrane Protective mechanisms include esophageal motility, saliva production, and epithelial protection
  • Pathophysiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
    We review the pathophysiology of GERD in the context of abnormalities related to reflux exposure and abnormalities related to epithelial resistance and visceral hypersensitivity These exist in a continuum that determines severity of reflux disease





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