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wine 音标拼音: [w'ɑɪn] n. 葡萄酒,果酒,暗红色
vt.
vi. (请)喝酒 葡萄酒,果酒,暗红色(请)喝酒 wine n 1: fermented juice ( of grapes especially) [ synonym: { wine}, { vino}] 2: a red as dark as red wine [ synonym: { wine}, { wine- colored}, { wine- coloured}] v 1: drink wine 2: treat to wine; " Our relatives in Italy wined and dined us for a week" Wine \ Wine\, n. [ OE. win, AS. win, fr. L. vinum ( cf. Icel. v[ imac] n; all from the Latin); akin to Gr. o' i^ nos, ?, and E. withy. Cf. { Vine}, { Vineyard}, { Vinous}, { Withy}.] [ 1913 Webster] 1. The expressed juice of grapes, esp. when fermented; a beverage or liquor prepared from grapes by squeezing out their juice, and ( usually) allowing it to ferment. " Red wine of Gascoigne." -- Piers Plowman. [ 1913 Webster] Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging, and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise. -- Prov. xx. 1. [ 1913 Webster] Bacchus, that first from out the purple grape Crushed the sweet poison of misused wine. -- Milton. [ 1913 Webster] Note: Wine is essentially a dilute solution of ethyl alcohol, containing also certain small quantities of ethers and ethereal salts which give character and bouquet. According to their color, strength, taste, etc., wines are called { red}, { white}, { spirituous}, { dry}, { light}, { still}, etc. [ 1913 Webster] 2. A liquor or beverage prepared from the juice of any fruit or plant by a process similar to that for grape wine; as, currant wine; gooseberry wine; palm wine. [ 1913 Webster] 3. The effect of drinking wine in excess; intoxication. [ 1913 Webster] Noah awoke from his wine. -- Gen. ix. 24. [ 1913 Webster] { Birch wine}, { Cape wine}, etc. See under { Birch}, { Cape}, etc. { Spirit of wine}. See under { Spirit}. { To have drunk wine of ape} or { To have drunk wine ape}, to be so drunk as to be foolish. [ Obs.] -- Chaucer. { Wine acid}. ( Chem.) See { Tartaric acid}, under { Tartaric}. [ Colloq.] { Wine apple} ( Bot.), a large red apple, with firm flesh and a rich, vinous flavor. { Wine fly} ( Zool.), small two- winged fly of the genus { Piophila}, whose larva lives in wine, cider, and other fermented liquors. { Wine grower}, one who cultivates a vineyard and makes wine. { Wine measure}, the measure by which wines and other spirits are sold, smaller than beer measure. { Wine merchant}, a merchant who deals in wines. { Wine of opium} ( Pharm.), a solution of opium in aromatized sherry wine, having the same strength as ordinary laudanum; -- also { Sydenham' s laudanum}. { Wine press}, a machine or apparatus in which grapes are pressed to extract their juice. { Wine skin}, a bottle or bag of skin, used, in various countries, for carrying wine. { Wine stone}, a kind of crust deposited in wine casks. See 1st { Tartar}, 1. { Wine vault}. ( a) A vault where wine is stored. ( b) A place where wine is served at the bar, or at tables; a dramshop. -- Dickens. { Wine vinegar}, vinegar made from wine. { Wine whey}, whey made from milk coagulated by the use of wine. [ 1913 Webster] 219 Moby Thesaurus words for " wine": Alba Flora, Algarve, Alsace, Anjou, Assmannshausen, Bad Kreuznach, Barbera, Bardolino, Barsac, Beaujolais, Beaune, Bordeaux, Bucelas, Burgundy, Cahors, Canary, Castelli Romani, Catawba, Chalonnais, Chambertin, Champagne, Chian, Chianti, Chiaretto, Chilean wine, Clairette de Die, Concord wine, Constantia, Cortese, Corton, Corvo, Deidesheimer, Delaware, Egri Bikaver, Eszencia, Etna, Fendant de Sion, Fixin, Frascati, Gamay, Geisenheimer, Gragano, Graves, Grenache, Grignolino, Grinzig, Grumello, Hattenheimer, Hermitage, Inferno, Lambrusco, Liebfraumilch, Lugana, Madeira, Malvasia, Mamertino, Manzanilla, Medoc, Meursault, Montrachet, Moroccan wine, Moselle, Muscadet, Muscat, Nackenheimer, Napa Valley, Oeil de Perdrix, Pallini, Palomino, Peruvian wine, Pinot Chardonnay, Pinot blanc, Pinot noir, Pomerol, Pommard, Pouilly- Fuisse, Pouilly- Fume, Reuilly, Rhine, Ribero, Riquewihr, Romanee Conti, Sancerre, Santa Clara Valley, Sassella, Saumur, Sekt, Semillon, Steinwein, Sylvaner, Tarragona, Tavel, Titian, Titian- red, Touraine, Traminer, Verdicchio, Vougeot, abboccato, altar wine, amoroso, blanc de noirs, bricky, bual, cardinal, carmine, carnation, carnelian, cerise, cherry, cherry- colored, cherry- red, claret, consumo, cowslip wine, cream sherry, crimson, currant wine, damask, damson wine, demi- sec, dessert wine, domestic wine, extra sec, ferruginous, fiery, fire- red, flame- colored, flame- red, flaming, glowing, gooseberry wine, gules, hock, hot, imported wine, incarmined, inflamed, infrared, iron- red, kosher wine, lake- colored, laky, lateritious, light wine, lobster- red, lurid, maroon, muscatel, must, new wine, nonvintage wine, parsnip wine, peach wine, pink wine, port, port- wine, puce, quince wine, raisin wine, red, red wine, red- dyed, red- looking, reddened, reddish, reddish- amber, reddish- brown, retsina, rhubarb wine, riserva, rose, rose wine, rubicund, rubiginous, rubric, rubricose, ruby, ruby port, ruby- colored, ruby- red, ruddied, ruddy, rufescent, rufous, rust, rust- red, rusty, sack, sage wine, sauterne, scarlet, sec, sercial, sherry, smooth wine, soave, solera sherry, sparkling Burgundy, sparkling wine, stammel, still wine, stone wine, sweet wine, table wine, thin wine, tile- red, vermilion, vermouth, vin, vin mousseux, vin ordinaire, vinaceous, vino, vintage wine, warm, white wine, wine- colored, wine- redWine The common Hebrew word for wine is _yayin_, from a root meaning " to boil up," " to be in a ferment." Others derive it from a root meaning " to tread out," and hence the juice of the grape trodden out. The Greek word for wine is _oinos_, and the Latin _vinun_. But besides this common Hebrew word, there are several others which are thus rendered. ( 1.) Ashishah ( 2 Sam. 6: 19; 1 Chr. 16: 3; Cant. 2: 5; Hos. 3: 1), which, however, rather denotes a solid cake of pressed grapes, or, as in the Revised Version, a cake of raisins. ( 2.) ' Asis, " sweet wine," or " new wine," the product of the same year ( Cant. 8: 2; Isa. 49: 26; Joel 1: 5; 3: 18; Amos 9: 13), from a root meaning " to tread," hence juice trodden out or pressed out, thus referring to the method by which the juice is obtained. The power of intoxication is ascribed to it. ( 3.) Hometz. See { VINEGAR}. ( 4.) Hemer, Deut. 32: 14 ( rendered " blood of the grape") Isa. 27: 2 (" red wine"), Ezra 6: 9; 7: 22; Dan. 5: 1, 2, 4. This word conveys the idea of " foaming," as in the process of fermentation, or when poured out. It is derived from the root _hamar_, meaning " to boil up," and also " to be red," from the idea of boiling or becoming inflamed. ( 5.) ' Enabh, a grape ( Deut. 32: 14). The last clause of this verse should be rendered as in the Revised Version, " and of the blood of the grape [' enabh] thou drankest wine [ hemer]." In Hos. 3: 1 the phrase in Authorized Version, " flagons of wine," is in the Revised Version correctly " cakes of raisins." ( Comp. Gen. 49: 11; Num. 6: 3; Deut. 23: 24, etc., where this Hebrew word is rendered in the plural " grapes.") ( 6.) Mesekh, properly a mixture of wine and water with spices that increase its stimulating properties ( Isa. 5: 22). Ps. 75: 8, " The wine [ yayin] is red; it is full of mixture [ mesekh];" Prov. 23: 30, " mixed wine;" Isa. 65: 11, " drink offering" ( R. V., " mingled wine"). ( 7.) Tirosh, properly " must," translated " wine" ( Deut. 28: 51); " new wine" ( Prov. 3: 10); " sweet wine" ( Micah 6: 15; R. V., " vintage"). This Hebrew word has been traced to a root meaning " to take possession of" and hence it is supposed that tirosh is so designated because in intoxicating it takes possession of the brain. Among the blessings promised to Esau ( Gen. 27: 28) mention is made of " plenty of corn and tirosh." Palestine is called " a land of corn and tirosh" ( Deut. 33: 28; comp. Isa. 36: 17). See also Deut. 28: 51; 2 Chr. 32: 28; Joel 2: 19; Hos. 4: 11, (" wine [ yayin] and new wine [ tirosh] take away the heart"). ( 8.) Sobhe ( root meaning " to drink to excess," " to suck up," " absorb"), found only in Isa. 1: 22, Hos. 4: 18 (" their drink;" Gesen. and marg. of R. V., " their carouse"), and Nah. 1: 10 (" drunken as drunkards;" lit., " soaked according to their drink;" R. V., " drenched, as it were, in their drink", i. e., according to their sobhe). ( 9.) Shekar, " strong drink," any intoxicating liquor; from a root meaning " to drink deeply," " to be drunken", a generic term applied to all fermented liquors, however obtained. Num. 28: 7, " strong wine" ( R. V., " strong drink"). It is sometimes distinguished from wine, c. g., Lev. 10: 9, " Do not drink wine [ yayin] nor strong drink [ shekar];" Num. 6: 3; Judg. 13: 4, 7; Isa. 28: 7 ( in all these places rendered " strong drink"). Translated " strong drink" also in Isa. 5: 11; 24: 9; 29: 9; 56: 12; Prov. 20: 1; 31: 6; Micah 2: 11. ( 10.) Yekebh ( Deut. 16: 13, but in R. V. correctly " wine- press"), a vat into which the new wine flowed from the press. Joel 2: 24, " their vats;" 3: 13, " the fats;" Prov. 3: 10, " Thy presses shall burst out with new wine [ tirosh];" Hag. 2: 16; Jer. 48: 33, " wine- presses;" 2 Kings 6: 27; Job. 24: 11. ( 11.) Shemarim ( only in plural), " lees" or " dregs" of wine. In Isa. 25: 6 it is rendered " wines on the lees", i. e., wine that has been kept on the lees, and therefore old wine. ( 12.) Mesek, " a mixture," mixed or spiced wine, not diluted with water, but mixed with drugs and spices to increase its strength, or, as some think, mingled with the lees by being shaken ( Ps. 75: 8; Prov. 23: 30). In Acts 2: 13 the word _gleukos_, rendered " new wine," denotes properly " sweet wine." It must have been intoxicating. In addition to wine the Hebrews also made use of what they called _debash_, which was obtained by boiling down must to one- half or one- third of its original bulk. In Gen. 43: 11 this word is rendered " honey." It was a kind of syrup, and is called by the Arabs at the present day dibs. This word occurs in the phrase " a land flowing with milk and honey" ( debash), Ex. 3: 8, 17; 13: 5; 33: 3; Lev. 20: 24; Num. 13: 27. ( See { HONEY}.) Our Lord miraculously supplied wine at the marriage feast in Cana of Galilee ( John 2: 1- 11). The Rechabites were forbidden the use of wine ( Jer. 35). The Nazarites also were to abstain from its use during the period of their vow ( Num. 6: 1- 4); and those who were dedicated as Nazarites from their birth were perpetually to abstain from it ( Judg. 13: 4, 5; Luke 1: 15; 7: 33). The priests, too, were forbidden the use of wine and strong drink when engaged in their sacred functions ( Lev. 10: 1, 9- 11). " Wine is little used now in the East, from the fact that Mohammedans are not allowed to taste it, and very few of other creeds touch it. When it is drunk, water is generally mixed with it, and this was the custom in the days of Christ also. The people indeed are everywhere very sober in hot climates; a drunken person, in fact, is never seen", ( Geikie' s Life of Christ). The sin of drunkenness, however, must have been not uncommon in the olden times, for it is mentioned either metaphorically or literally more than seventy times in the Bible. A drink- offering of wine was presented with the daily sacrifice ( Ex. 29: 40, 41), and also with the offering of the first- fruits ( Lev. 23: 13), and with various other sacrifices ( Num. 15: 5, 7, 10). Wine was used at the celebration of the Passover. And when the Lord' s Supper was instituted, the wine and the unleavened bread then on the paschal table were by our Lord set apart as memorials of his body and blood. Several emphatic warnings are given in the New Testament against excess in the use of wine ( Luke 21: 34; Rom. 13: 13; Eph. 5: 18; 1 Tim. 3: 8; Titus 1: 7). |
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