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realism    音标拼音: [r'ilɪzəm]
n. 写实主义,现实,实在论

写实主义,现实,实在论

realism
n 1: the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring
practicality and literal truth [synonym: {realism},
{pragmatism}]
2: the state of being actual or real; "the reality of his
situation slowly dawned on him" [synonym: {reality}, {realness},
{realism}] [ant: {irreality}, {unreality}]
3: (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that physical objects
continue to exist when not perceived [synonym: {realism}, {naive
realism}]
4: an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and
writers strove for detailed realistic and factual description
[synonym: {naturalism}, {realism}]
5: (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that abstract
concepts exist independent of their names [synonym: {Platonism},
{realism}]

Realism \Re"al*ism\ (r[=e]"al*[i^]z'm), n. [Cf. F. r['e]alisme.]
1. (Philos.)
(a) As opposed to nominalism, the doctrine that genera and
species are real things or entities, existing
independently of our conceptions. According to realism
the Universal exists ante rem (Plato), or in re
(Aristotle).
(b) As opposed to idealism, the doctrine that in sense
perception there is an immediate cognition of the
external object, and our knowledge of it is not
mediate and representative.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Art & Lit.) Fidelity to nature or to real life;
representation without idealization, and making no appeal
to the imagination; adherence to the actual fact.
[1913 Webster]

3. the practise of assessing facts and the probabilities of
the consequences of actions in an objective manner;
avoidance of unrealistic or impractical beliefs or
efforts. Contrasted to {idealism}, {self-deception},
{overoptimism}, {overimaginativeness}, or {visionariness}.
[PJC]

81 Moby Thesaurus words for "realism":
Marxism, absolute realism, animalism, artlessness, atomism,
authenticity, behaviorism, bona fideness, commonsense realism,
dialectical materialism, down-to-earthness, earthiness,
earthliness, empiricism, epiphenomenalism, freedom from illusion,
genuineness, hardheadedness, health, historical materialism,
honesty, hylomorphism, hylotheism, hylozoism, inartificiality,
lack of feelings, legitimacy, lifelikeness, literalism, literality,
literalness, materialism, matter-of-factness, mechanism,
natural realism, naturalism, naturalness, naturism, new realism,
normalcy, normality, normalness, order, photographic realism,
physicalism, physicism, positive philosophy, positivism,
practical-mindedness, practicality, practicalness, pragmaticism,
pragmatism, propriety, rationality, realness, reasonableness,
regularity, representative realism, saneness, scientism,
secularism, sensibleness, sincerity, sober-mindedness,
substantialism, temporality, true-to-lifeness, truth to nature,
unadulteration, unaffectedness, unfictitiousness, unidealism,
unromanticalness, unsentimentality, unspeciousness, unspuriousness,
unsyntheticness, verisimilitude, wholesomeness, worldliness



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