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alcohol 音标拼音: ['ælkəh ,ɑl] n. U乙醇,酒精 U乙醇,酒精 alcohol n 1: a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent; " alcohol ( or drink) ruined him" [ synonym: { alcohol}, { alcoholic drink}, { alcoholic beverage}, { intoxicant}, { inebriant}] 2: any of a series of volatile hydroxyl compounds that are made from hydrocarbons by distillationAlcohol \ Al" co* hol\ ([ a^] l" k[- o]* h[ o^] l), n. [ Cf. F. alcool, formerly written alcohol, Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony, galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. Ar. al- kohl a powder of antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was afterwards applied, on account of the fineness of this powder, to highly rectified spirits, a signification unknown in Arabia. The Sp. word has both meanings. Cf. { Alquifou}.] 1. An impalpable powder. [ Obs.] [ 1913 Webster] 2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation. [ Obs.] -- Boyle. [ 1913 Webster] 3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit ( called also { ethyl alcohol} or { ethanol}, { CH3. CH2. OH}); the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous fermentation. Note: [ The ferementation is usually carried out by addition of brewer' s yeast, { Saccharomyces cerevisiae} to an aqueous solution containing carbohydrates.] [ 1913 Webster PJC] Note: As used in the U. S. " Pharmacop[ oe] ia," alcohol contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9 per cent of water; and diluted alcohol ( proof spirit) contains 45. 5 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 54. 5 per cent of water. [ 1913 Webster] 4. ( Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms common or { ethyl alcohol} ({ C2H5. OH}); methyl forms { methyl alcohol} ({ CH3. OH}) or { wood alcohol}; amyl forms { amyl alcohol} ({ C5H11. OH}) or { fusel oil}, etc. [ 1913 Webster]
ethanol \ eth" an* ol\ ([ e^] th"[ a^] n*[ add] l), n. ( Chem.) The organic compound { C2H5. OH}, the common { alcohol} which is the intoxicating agent in beer, wine, and other fermented and distilled liquors; called also { ethyl alcohol}. It is used pure or denatured as a solvent or in medicines and colognes and cleaning solutions, or mixed in gasoline as a fuel for automobiles, and as a rocket fuel ( as in the V- 2 rocket). Syn: ethyl alcohol, fermentation alcohol, grain alcohol. [ WordNet 1. 5] 287 Moby Thesaurus words for " alcohol": Amytal, Amytal pill, Argyrol, Chile saltpeter, Demerol, Dial, Dolophine, H, John Barleycorn, Luminal, Luminal pill, M, Mercurochrome, Merthiolate, Mickey Finn, Nembutal, Nembutal pill, Salol, Seconal, Seconal pill, Sulfonal, Trional, Tuinal, Tuinal pill, absolute alcohol, acetate, acetone, alcoholic beverage, alcoholic drink, aldehyde, amine, ammonia, amobarbital sodium, amyl alcohol, analgesic, anhydride, anodyne, antifreeze, aqua regia, aqua vitae, ardent spirits, arsenate, arsenite, barb, barbital, barbiturate, barbiturate pill, barbituric acid, basic anhydride, belladonna, benzine, benzoate, beverage, bicarbonate, bicarbonate of soda, bichloride of mercury, bisulfate, black stuff, blue, blue angel, blue devil, blue heaven, blue velvet, booze, borate, borax, boric acid, brew, briquette, bromide, burnable, butane, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calmative, calomel, camphor, carbide, carbohydrate, carbolic acid, carbon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon tet, carbon tetrachloride, carbonate, charcoal, chloral hydrate, chloramine, chlorate, chlorite, chloroform, chromate, citrate, coal, codeine, codeine cough syrup, coke, combustible, copperas, cresol, cyanide, dehydrated alcohol, depressant, depressor, dichromate, dioxide, disulfide, dolly, dope, downer, drink, ester, ethane, ethanol, ether, ethyl, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, fireball, firewater, firing, flammable, flammable material, fluoride, formaldehyde, fuel, fuel additive, fuel dope, fulminate, gas, gas carbon, gasoline, gentian violet, goofball, gramicidin, grog, halide, halogen, hard liquor, hard stuff, heptane, heroin, hexachloraphene, hexane, hooch, hop, horse, hydrate, hydride, hydrocarbon, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxide, hyoscyamine, hypnotic, hypochlorite, inebriant, inflammable, inflammable material, intoxicant, intoxicating liquor, iodide, iodine, isooctane, isopropyl alcohol, jet fuel, juice, junk, kerosene, ketone, knockout drops, lactate, laudanum, liquor, little brown jug, lotus, meperidine, methadone, methane, methanol, methyl, methyl alcohol, monoxide, moonshine, morphia, morphine, narcotic, natural gas, niter, nitrate, nitride, nitrite, octane, oil, opiate, opium, oxalate, oxide, pacifier, pain killer, paraffin, paraldehyde, paregoric, peat, pen yan, pentane, pentobarbital, permanganate, peroxide, petrochemical, phenobarbital, phenobarbital sodium, phenol, phenyl salicylate, phosphate, phosphide, potable, potash, potassium nitrate, potation, propane, propellant, punch bowl, purple heart, quietener, rainbow, red, reserpine, resorcinol, rocket fuel, rum, sal ammoniac, salt, saltpeter, sauce, scag, schnapps, scopolamine, secobarbital sodium, sedative, shit, silicate, silver vitellin, sleep- inducer, sleeper, sleeping draught, sleeping pill, smack, social lubricant, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride, sodium hypochlorite, sodium thiopental, somnifacient, soother, soothing syrup, soporific, spirits, strong drink, strong waters, sulfate, sulfide, sulfite, tar, tartrate, thalidomide, the Demon Rum, the bottle, the cup, the flowing bowl, the luscious liquor, the ruddy cup, thimerosal, thymol, tincture of iodine, tipple, toxicant, tranquilizer, turf, turpentine, turps, water, water of life, white stuff, yellow, yellow jacket |
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